بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
اللَّهُمَّ انْفَعْنِي بِمَا عَلَّمْتَنِي، وَعَلِّمْنِي مَا يَنْفَعُنِي، وَزِدْنِي عِلْمًا
O Allāh, benefit me by what You have taught me, teach me what will benefit me, and increase me in knowledge.
الرعاية لحقوق الله

Observance of the Rights of God

Al-Harith ibn Asad Al-Muhasibi — d. 243 AH / ~857 CE

Al-Ḥārith ibn Asad al-Muḥāsibī (d. 243 AH / 857 CE) was one of the earliest and most rigorous systematizers of Islamic spiritual psychology. His name, al-Muḥāsibī, means "he who holds himself to account" — a name he earned through his practice of muḥāsaba, the relentless inner examination of one's intentions and states before God. Al-Riʿāya li-Ḥuqūq Allāh ("Observance of the Rights of God") is his major work: a comprehensive treatise on the diseases of the soul — ostentation (riyāʾ), self-admiration (ʿujb), pride (kibr), heedlessness (ghurra), and envy (ḥasad) — and the disciplines required to overcome them. Written in ninth-century Baghdad, it laid the foundations for the entire later tradition of Sufi ethics and influenced figures from al-Ghazālī onward.

77 Chapters 77 Translated 501 Pages
Draft — not human-reviewed

This translation was produced by an AI model and has not been verified or corrected by a human editor. It may contain errors in reading, terminology, and argument structure. It is intended solely as a study aid to be used alongside the original Arabic text, not as a standalone translation.

About this translation

An English rendering of al-Muḥāsibī’s al-Riʿāya li-ḥuqūq Allāh, produced with Claude Opus 4.6 and reviewed with Gemini 3 Pro, translated from the ʿAṭā’ edition (4th printing).

Faithful to the source — meaning over style. Quranic quotations are annotated with [surah:ayat] references. Key Arabic terms are preserved in their latinized form with English glosses on first occurrence.

Parts

1

The Book of Foundations

9 chapters 9/9 translated
2

The Book of Tawba (Repentance)

6 chapters 6/6 translated
3

The Book of God's Rights

10 chapters 10/10 translated
4

The Book of Riyāʾ (Ostentation)

29 chapters 29/29 translated
5

The Book of ʿUjb (Self-Admiration)

5 chapters 5/5 translated
6

The Book of Kibr (Arrogance)

6 chapters 6/6 translated
7

The Book of Ghurra (Delusion)

8 chapters 8/8 translated
8

The Book of Ḥasad (Envy)

4 chapters 4/4 translated

The Book of Foundations
أصول التقوى والورع والمحاسبة

The Book of Tawba (Repentance)
كتاب التوبة

The Book of God's Rights
حقوق الله تعالى

The Book of Riyāʾ (Ostentation)
الرياء

Chapter on the Description of Riyāʾ and Its Mention
باب في صفة الرياء وذكره
Chapter on Urging the Sinner Toward Ikhlāṣ (Sincerity) in His Works
باب حض العاصي على الإخلاص في عمله
Chapter on A Detailed Explanation (of Sincerity vs. Riyāʾ)
باب في شرح
Chapter on the Stirring of Riyāʾ and What Calls Toward It
باب هيجان الرياء وداعيه إليه
Chapter on What Attains Guarding Against Riyāʾ
باب معرفة ما ينال به الحذر من الرياء
Chapter on Knowing the Strength of Ikhlāṣ
باب معرفة قوة الإخلاص
Chapter on Describing Vigilance Against the Enemy Iblis
باب وصف الحذر من العدو إبليس
Chapter on the Error in How One Guards Against Iblis
باب الغلط في الحذر من العدو إبليس
Chapter on the Stations and Times of Riyāʾ
باب منازل الرياء وأوقاته
Chapter on What Breeds Riyāʾ
باب ما يورث الرياء
Chapter on What the Seeker Must Bind Himself To
باب ما يجب أن يلزمه المريد نفسه
Chapter on the Servant's Joy When His Work Becomes Apparent to Others
باب سرور العبد عندما يظهر عليه من عمله
Chapter on Condemning Riyāʾ and ʿUjb Together
باب مذم الرياء والعجب
Chapter on What the Servant May Determine He Was Truly Sincere In
باب ما يجوز للعبد أن يقطع أنه أخلص فيه لله
Chapter on The Servant Who Enters an Act Intending God Alone
باب العبد يدخل العمل يريد الله عز وجل وحده
Chapter on One Who Enters an Act Not Intending God by It
باب من يدخل في العمل لا يريد الله بذلك
Chapter on A Man Who Leaves Some Supererogatory Acts Out of Concern for People
باب في الرجل يدع بعض النوافل إشفاقاً على الناس
Chapter on Displaying One's Work So Others May Follow It
باب إظهار العمل ليُقتدى به
Chapter on the Servant Who Mentions His Works to His Brothers
باب العبد يُحدِّث إخوانه
Chapter on Is It Permissible to Abandon an Act Because of Riyāʾ?
باب هل يجوز ترك العمل من أجل الرياء؟
Chapter on What Is Permissible Regarding the Servant's Love for Others' Love of Him
باب ما يجوز للعبد من حبه لمحبة الناس له
Chapter on What Grief Is Sound for the Servant
باب ما يصح للعبد من غمه
Chapter on From Where Should the Servant Dislike Muslims Criticizing Him
باب من أين ينبغي للعبد أن يكره ذم المسلمين له
Chapter on How the Heart of the Truthful Person Should Be
باب كيف يكون قلب الصادق
Chapter on Riyāʾ Before One's Parents in Order to Please Them
باب في الرياء للوالدين ليرضيا
Chapter on A Man Who Attends a Congregation at Prayer
باب الرجل يحضر القوم يصلون
Chapter on What Has Been Said About the Signs of Sincere Humility Before God
باب ما قالوا في علامة صدق الخاشع لله عز وجل
Chapter on A Man Who Has Two Companions
باب الرجل يكون له صاحبان
Chapter on A Man Who Is Wronged in a Matter of Need
باب الرجل يُجرح في الحاجة

The Book of ʿUjb (Self-Admiration)
العجب

The Book of Kibr (Arrogance)
الكبر

The Book of Ghurra (Delusion)
الغرة

The Book of Ḥasad (Envy)
الحسد